Corruption and human development
Source:vignettes/corruption_human_development.Rmd
corruption_human_development.RmdFor this example, we will use the following packages.
library(tidyverse)
library(cowplot) # for theme_minimal_hgrid()
library(colorspace) # for darken()
library(ggrepel) # for geom_text_repel()The dataset is provided as practicalgg::corruption. Let’s look at it in table form and in basic scatterplot form.
corrupt <- practicalgg::corruption %>%
filter(year == 2015) %>%
na.omit()
corrupt## # A tibble: 163 x 6
## country region year cpi iso3c hdi
## <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <dbl>
## 1 Denmark Europe and Central Asia 2015 91 DNK 0.925
## 2 New Zealand Asia Pacific 2015 91 NZL 0.915
## 3 Finland Europe and Central Asia 2015 90 FIN 0.895
## 4 Sweden Europe and Central Asia 2015 89 SWE 0.913
## 5 Switzerland Europe and Central Asia 2015 86 CHE 0.939
## 6 Norway Europe and Central Asia 2015 88 NOR 0.949
## 7 Singapore Asia Pacific 2015 85 SGP 0.925
## 8 Netherlands Europe and Central Asia 2015 84 NLD 0.924
## 9 Canada Americas 2015 83 CAN 0.92
## 10 Germany Europe and Central Asia 2015 81 DEU 0.926
## # … with 153 more rows
ggplot(corrupt, aes(cpi, hdi, color = region)) +
geom_point()
Basic styling: point colors and theme.
# Okabe Ito colors
region_cols <- c("#E69F00", "#56B4E9", "#009E73", "#F0E442", "#0072B2", "#999999")
ggplot(corrupt, aes(cpi, hdi)) +
geom_point(
aes(color = region, fill = region),
size = 2.5, alpha = 0.5, shape = 21
) +
scale_color_manual(
values = darken(region_cols, 0.3)
) +
scale_fill_manual(
values = region_cols
) +
theme_minimal_hgrid(12, rel_small = 1) # font size 12 pt throughout
Add smoothing line.
ggplot(corrupt, aes(cpi, hdi)) +
geom_smooth(
aes(color = "y ~ log(x)", fill = "y ~ log(x)"),
method = 'lm', formula = y~log(x), se = FALSE, fullrange = TRUE
) +
geom_point(
aes(color = region, fill = region),
size = 2.5, alpha = 0.5, shape = 21
) +
scale_color_manual(
values = darken(region_cols, 0.3)
) +
scale_fill_manual(
values = region_cols
) +
theme_minimal_hgrid(12, rel_small = 1)
Set the same scale name for color and fill scale, to force merging of guides.
ggplot(corrupt, aes(cpi, hdi)) +
geom_smooth(
aes(color = "y ~ log(x)", fill = "y ~ log(x)"),
method = 'lm', formula = y~log(x), se = FALSE, fullrange = TRUE
) +
geom_point(
aes(color = region, fill = region),
size = 2.5, alpha = 0.5, shape = 21
) +
scale_color_manual(
name = NULL,
values = darken(region_cols, 0.3)
) +
scale_fill_manual(
name = NULL,
values = region_cols
) +
theme_minimal_hgrid(12, rel_small = 1)
Override legend aesthetics.
ggplot(corrupt, aes(cpi, hdi)) +
geom_smooth(
aes(color = "y ~ log(x)", fill = "y ~ log(x)"),
method = 'lm', formula = y~log(x), se = FALSE, fullrange = TRUE
) +
geom_point(
aes(color = region, fill = region),
size = 2.5, alpha = 0.5, shape = 21
) +
scale_color_manual(
name = NULL,
values = darken(region_cols, 0.3)
) +
scale_fill_manual(
name = NULL,
values = region_cols
) +
guides(
color = guide_legend(
override.aes = list(
linetype = c(rep(0, 5), 1),
shape = c(rep(21, 5), NA)
)
)
) +
theme_minimal_hgrid(12, rel_small = 1)
Set x and y scales, move legend on top.
ggplot(corrupt, aes(cpi, hdi)) +
geom_smooth(
aes(color = "y ~ log(x)", fill = "y ~ log(x)"),
method = 'lm', formula = y~log(x), se = FALSE, fullrange = TRUE
) +
geom_point(
aes(color = region, fill = region),
size = 2.5, alpha = 0.5, shape = 21
) +
scale_color_manual(
name = NULL,
values = darken(region_cols, 0.3)
) +
scale_fill_manual(
name = NULL,
values = region_cols
) +
scale_x_continuous(
name = "Corruption Perceptions Index, 2015 (100 = least corrupt)",
limits = c(10, 95),
breaks = c(20, 40, 60, 80, 100),
expand = c(0, 0)
) +
scale_y_continuous(
name = "Human Development Index, 2015\n(1.0 = most developed)",
limits = c(0.3, 1.05),
breaks = c(0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0),
expand = c(0, 0)
) +
guides(
color = guide_legend(
override.aes = list(
linetype = c(rep(0, 5), 1),
shape = c(rep(21, 5), NA)
)
)
) +
theme_minimal_hgrid(12, rel_small = 1) +
theme(
legend.position = "top",
legend.justification = "right",
legend.text = element_text(size = 9),
legend.box.spacing = unit(0, "pt")
)
Reformat legend into a single row.
corrupt <- corrupt %>%
mutate(region = case_when(
region == "Middle East and North Africa" ~ "Middle East\nand North Africa",
region == "Europe and Central Asia" ~ "Europe and\nCentral Asia",
region == "Sub Saharan Africa" ~ "Sub-Saharan\nAfrica",
TRUE ~ region)
)
ggplot(corrupt, aes(cpi, hdi)) +
geom_smooth(
aes(color = "y ~ log(x)", fill = "y ~ log(x)"),
method = 'lm', formula = y~log(x), se = FALSE, fullrange = TRUE
) +
geom_point(
aes(color = region, fill = region),
size = 2.5, alpha = 0.5, shape = 21
) +
scale_color_manual(
name = NULL,
values = darken(region_cols, 0.3)
) +
scale_fill_manual(
name = NULL,
values = region_cols
) +
scale_x_continuous(
name = "Corruption Perceptions Index, 2015 (100 = least corrupt)",
limits = c(10, 95),
breaks = c(20, 40, 60, 80, 100),
expand = c(0, 0)
) +
scale_y_continuous(
name = "Human Development Index, 2015\n(1.0 = most developed)",
limits = c(0.3, 1.05),
breaks = c(0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0),
expand = c(0, 0)
) +
guides(
color = guide_legend(
nrow = 1,
override.aes = list(
linetype = c(rep(0, 5), 1),
shape = c(rep(21, 5), NA)
)
)
) +
theme_minimal_hgrid(12, rel_small = 1) +
theme(
legend.position = "top",
legend.justification = "right",
legend.text = element_text(size = 9),
legend.box.spacing = unit(0, "pt")
)
Highlight select countries.
country_highlight <- c("Germany", "Norway", "United States", "Greece", "Singapore", "Rwanda", "Russia", "Venezuela", "Sudan", "Iraq", "Ghana", "Niger", "Chad", "Kuwait", "Qatar", "Myanmar", "Nepal", "Chile", "Argentina", "Japan", "China")
corrupt <- corrupt %>%
mutate(
label = ifelse(country %in% country_highlight, country, "")
)
ggplot(corrupt, aes(cpi, hdi)) +
geom_smooth(
aes(color = "y ~ log(x)", fill = "y ~ log(x)"),
method = 'lm', formula = y~log(x), se = FALSE, fullrange = TRUE
) +
geom_point(
aes(color = region, fill = region),
size = 2.5, alpha = 0.5, shape = 21
) +
geom_text_repel(
aes(label = label),
color = "black",
size = 9/.pt, # font size 9 pt
point.padding = 0.1,
box.padding = .6,
min.segment.length = 0,
max.overlaps = 1000,
seed = 7654
) +
scale_color_manual(
name = NULL,
values = darken(region_cols, 0.3)
) +
scale_fill_manual(
name = NULL,
values = region_cols
) +
scale_x_continuous(
name = "Corruption Perceptions Index, 2015 (100 = least corrupt)",
limits = c(10, 95),
breaks = c(20, 40, 60, 80, 100),
expand = c(0, 0)
) +
scale_y_continuous(
name = "Human Development Index, 2015\n(1.0 = most developed)",
limits = c(0.3, 1.05),
breaks = c(0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0),
expand = c(0, 0)
) +
guides(
color = guide_legend(
nrow = 1,
override.aes = list(
linetype = c(rep(0, 5), 1),
shape = c(rep(21, 5), NA)
)
)
) +
theme_minimal_hgrid(12, rel_small = 1) +
theme(
legend.position = "top",
legend.justification = "right",
legend.text = element_text(size = 9),
legend.box.spacing = unit(0, "pt")
)